Subject(s)
COVID-19/epidemiology , Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ/methods , Myopia/surgery , SARS-CoV-2 , Academies and Institutes/standards , COVID-19/transmission , Elective Surgical Procedures , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Infection Control/methods , Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional/prevention & control , N95 Respirators , Ophthalmology/organization & administration , Physical Distancing , Practice Guidelines as Topic/standards , Prospective StudiesABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To quantify the atomization of liquid over the cornea during flap creation using microkeratome using high-speed shadowgraphy. SETTING: Laboratory study. DESIGN: Laboratory investigational study. METHOD: In an experimental setup, flap creation was performed on enucleated goat's eyes (n = 8) mounted on a stand using One Use-Plus SBK Moria microkeratome (Moria SA) to assess the spread of aerosols and droplets using high-speed shadowgraphy. Two conditions were computed. A constant airflow assumed uniform air velocity throughout the room. A decaying jet assumed that local air velocity at the site of measurements was smaller than the exit velocity from the air duct. RESULTS: With the advancement of the microkeratome across the wet corneal surface, the atomization of a balanced salt solution was recorded on shadowgraphy. The minimum droplet size was â¼90 µm. The maximum distance traversed was â¼1.8 m and â¼1.3 m assuming a constant airflow (setting of refractive surgery theater) and decaying jet condition (setting of an operating theater with air-handling unit), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The microkeratome-assisted LASIK flap creation seemed to cause spread of droplets. The droplet diameters and velocities did not permit the formation of aerosols. Therefore, the risk of transmission of the virus to the surgeon and surgical personnel due to the microkeratome procedure seemed to be low.